The cohort study included 189 consecutive patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) who underwent selleck liver transplantation between January 1, 1995, and January 1, 2005, at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. Genotyping of the polymorphism rs12979860 was performed on DNA collected from all donors and recipients in the cohort. Sixty-five patients received IFN-based antiviral therapy. The CC IL28B variant was less common in the chronic HCV-infected recipients than

in non-HCV donor livers (33% versus 47%, P = 0.03). IL28B recipient genotype was significantly predictive of fibrosis stage, with TT genotype being associated with more rapid fibrosis (Pearson chi-square P = 0.024 for the comparison G versus A). Donor and recipient IL28B genotype were independently associated with sustained virologic response (P < 0.005). The presence of IL28B CC variant

in either the recipient (R) or donor (D) liver was associated with increased rate of sustained virologic response (D-non-CC/R-non-CC = 3/19 [16%] versus D-CC/R-non-CC = 11/22 [50%] versus D-non-CC/R-CC = 5/12 [42%] versus R-CC/D-CC = 6/7 [86%], P = 0.0095). IL28B genotype was not significantly associated with survival (overall/liver-related). Conclusion: Recipient IL28B TT genotype is associated with more severe histological recurrence of HCV. Recipient and donor liver MLN0128 order IL28B genotype are strongly and independently associated with IFN-based treatment response in patients after orthotopic liver transplantation. The data suggest that CC donor livers might be preferentially allocated to patients with HCV infection. (Hepatology 2011;) Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the most common indication for liver transplantation in the Western world. Recurrence of HCV infection 上海皓元医药股份有限公司 is the most common cause of death and graft loss following liver transplantation.1 Although treatment with interferon (IFN)/peginterferon (pegIFN) and ribavirin (RBV) is feasible in the posttransplant setting, sustained virologic response

(SVR) rates are lower than in nontransplant patients2 and many patients do not tolerate therapy. Genetic variation in the region of the IL28B gene on chromosome 19, coding for IFN-λ3, has recently been demonstrated to be strongly associated with SVR in patients with genotype 1 chronic HCV infection who are treated with pegIFN plus RBV in the nontransplant setting.3-5IL28B polymorphism has also been associated with spontaneous HCV clearance.6, 7 To date, the mechanism underlying the association between IL28B variants and natural/treatment-induced clearance remains unclear. The role and relevance of IL28B polymorphism (recipient/donor) to HCV recurrence after transplantation and the HCV treatment outcome after transplantation have not previously been investigated.