Recently, Ni-based materials have been extensively investigated for electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose, since they could allow production inhibitor Pfizer of glucose sensors in large numbers at low cost [10�C14]. The oxidation processes are catalyzed by the Ni-based materials through the formation of a high-valent, oxyhydroxide species [NiOOH] in alkaline medium [11]. Graphene, a single layer of carbon atoms tightly packed into a two-dimensional [2D] honeycomb sp2 carbon lattice, has a unique ability to promote fast electron transfer kinetics for a wide range of electroactive species [15,16]. Deposition of metal nanoparticles on graphene sheets gives rise to nanocomposites with larger Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries active surface areas and enhanced electron transport, making the nanocomposites ideal materials for the fabrication of electrochemical sensing devices [17].
It has been reported that graphene may play a distinct role in improving the conductivity of Ni-based Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries materials for glucose sensors, in which the electron transfer is quick, effectively enhancing the detecting Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries sensitivity Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries and shortening the response times [18�C20]. Very recently, chemical vapor deposition has increased in popularity in the synthesis of graphene/Ni nanohybrids, although the processes are complicated and hence difficult to scale [21,22].Microwave irradiation is an attractive and facile method for the rapid synthesis of nanocrystals with small particle size, narrow particle size distribution, and high purity. Compared with conventional heating, it has a more homogeneous heating process.
Moreover, it can promote nucleation and reduce the synthesis times considerably, generating smaller and more uniform particles [23�C25]. Herein, Dacomitinib we demonstrated a facile one-step microwave-assisted method to directly deposit Ni nanospheres on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sheets (Scheme 1). When a GO sheet solution is mixed with a nickel salt solution, Ni2+ is selectively bonded with carboxyl through mutual electrostatic attraction. Under continuous stirring conditions, the interlayer spacing gradually increases and Ni2+ could interlaminate more easily into the enlarged layer [26]. In the presence of hydrazine monohydrate, Ni nanospheres were grown onto rGO sheets in ethylene glycol (EG) solution under a low level of microwave irradiation (300 W) for 20 min, during which GOs were also reduced to rGO.
These nanocomposites exhibit well-dispersed Ni nanosphere (about 80 nm in diameter) loadings and effective sellckchem reduction of graphene oxide. By forming the rGO-supported Ni nanospheres (Ni-rGO nanohybrids), one might be able to take advantage of the best features of both components. As expected, the as-prepared Ni-rGO nanohybrid-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) shows highly sensitivity and fast amperometric sensing of glucose. In addition, interference from the oxidation of common interfering species present in body fluids, such as ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA), is effectively avoided.2.