In this study we examined whether delivery of carbon monoxide to lung grafts in the preservation solution could protect against lung ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Methods: Orthotopic left lung transplantation was performed in syngeneic Lewis to Lewis rats. Grafts were preserved in University of Wisconsin solution with or without (control solution) carbon monoxide at 4 degrees C for 6 hours. Carbon monoxide gas (5% or 100%) was bubbled into University of Wisconsin solution at 4 degrees C for 5 minutes before use.

Results: In control animals, ischemia-reperfusion injury resulted in significant deterioration of graft function and was associated with a massive cellular infiltrate

2 hours after reperfusion. Grafts Vadimezan supplier stored in University of Wisconsin solution with

carbon monoxide (5%), however, demonstrated significantly Selleck Caspase Inhibitor VI better gas exchange and significantly reduced intragraft inflammation (reduced inflammatory mediators and cellular infiltrate). Experiments demonstrated that the protective effects afforded by 100% University of Wisconsin solution with carbon monoxide were not as potent as those of 5% University of Wisconsin solution with carbon monoxide.

Conclusions: This study demonstrates that 5% carbon monoxide as an additive to the cold flush/preservation solution can impart potent anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects after cold preservation and transplantation of lung grafts. Such ex vivo treatment

of lung grafts with carbon monoxide can minimize concerns associated with carbon monoxide inhalation and might offer the opportunity to significantly advance the application of carbon monoxide in the clinical setting.”
“Sensory gating can be assessed in rodents and humans using an auditory conditioning (C)-test (T) paradigm, with schizophrenic patients exhibiting a loss of gating. Dysregulation of the endocannabinoid system has been proposed to be involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. We studied auditory gating and the effects of the cannabinoid agonist WIN55,212-22 on gating in CA3 and dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in male Lister hooded rats using in vivo electrophysiology. The effects of a single dose of WIN55,212-2 on the N2 local field potential (LFP) test/conditioning amplitude Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II ratios (T/C ratio) and response latencies were examined. In rats that demonstrated gating of N2, mPFC showed higher T/C ratios and shorter conditioning response latencies compared to DG and CA3. WIN55,212-2 disrupted auditory gating in all three areas with a significant increase in test amplitudes in the gating rats. A group of non-gating rats demonstrated higher test amplitudes and higher T/C ratios compared to gating rats. WIN55,212-2 had no effect on T/C ratios in the non-gating rats. The cannabinoid receptor (CBI) antagonist SR141716A prevented WIN55,212-2 induced disruption of gating.