Body Image Scale, Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale, Beck Depression

Body Image Scale, Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and Beck Anxiety Inventory were used.

ResultsAge had a significant main effect on psychological distress but the type of cancer did not. Younger women showed significantly greater distress than older women (p-values<0.001). A significant interaction between age and type of cancer was found, indicating that older learn more women with breast cancer had worse body image and more depression than those with gynecological cancer (p-values<0.001); no significant differences were found between

younger groups. The prediction model for increased body image disturbance and depression included the joint effect of the following variables: being younger, inactive occupational status, and post-adjuvant therapy side effects. For lower self-esteem, the variables were: being younger, post-adjuvant therapy side

effects, and dissatisfaction with social support. And for higher anxiety, the sole variable included see more was post-adjuvant therapy side effects.

ConclusionsBoth mastectomy and hysterectomy/oophorectomy cause similar psychological distress in younger women, but mastectomy causes greater distress in older women than hysterectomy/oophorectomy. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.”
“In a recent article Narasimha [J. Appl. Phys. 105, 073506 (2009)] claim to show that the shape of static displacement pulses generated by ultrasonic tone-bursts in nondispersive solids is that of a growing trapezoid in the spatial domain that leads to a flat-topped pulse shape in the time domain for a fixed spatial position. Flaws in their theoretical arguments are corrected to show that their model actually predicts a right-triangular pulse shape for nondispersive monocrystals in both the spatial and time domains as originally reported by Yost and Cantrell [Phys. Rev. B 30, 3221 (1984)] and Cantrell [Phys. Rev. B 35, 9780 (1987)]. [doi: 10.1063/1.3457850]“
“Aim:

Etoposide is used in a wide variety of solid and hematological tumors. It is available

in Australia check details in two intravenous formulations; etoposide base and the etoposide phosphate salt with 113.6 mg of etoposide phosphate being equivalent to 100 mg of the etoposide base. Variances between the etoposide dose prescribed and that actually given have been reported recently in Australia with patients receiving either too much or too little of the intended dose of etoposide. We carried out a review of national practices of prescribing, dispensing and labeling of etoposide and etoposide phosphate.

Methods:

Cancer care clinicians and pharmacists, identified through their membership of the Clinical Oncological Society of Australia (COSA), were asked to complete an online survey or participate in a telephone interview, about their etoposide prescribing and dispensing practices.

Results:

Nineteen pharmacists and 11 prescribers provided responses suitable for analysis.

The first term is the prior shape term, modeled on the object of

The first term is the prior shape term, modeled on the object of interest, thereby constraining the deformation achievable by the active contour. The second term, a boundary-based term detects object boundaries JQ1 from image gradients. The third term drives the shape prior and the contour towards the object boundary based on region statistics. The results of qualitative and quantitative evaluation on 100 prostate and 14 breast cancer histology images for the task of detecting and segmenting nuclei and lymphocytes reveals that the model easily outperforms two state of the art segmentation schemes (geodesic active contour and Rousson shape-based

model) and on average is able to resolve up to 91% of overlapping/occluded Rigosertib structures in the images.”
“Viruses likely infect all organisms, serving to unknown extent as genetic vectors in complex networks of organisms. Environmental virologists have revealed that these abundant nanoscale entities are global players with critical roles in every ecosystem investigated. Curiously, novel genes dominate viral genomes and metagenomes, which has led to the suggestion that viruses represent the largest reservoir of unexplored genetic material on Earth with literature estimates, extrapolating from 14 mycobacteriophage genomes, suggesting that two billion phage-encoded ORFs remain

to be discovered. Here we examine (meta)genomic data available in the decade since this provocative assertion, and use ‘protein clusters’ to evaluate whether sampling technologies have advanced to the point that we may be able to sample ‘all’ of viral diversity in nature.”
“Brain abscess associated with an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is sometimes difficult to diagnose and tends to recur. We report a case of recurrent brain abscess due to a pulmonary AVF (PAVF). A 69-year-old woman with a mass in the left cerebral peduncle had taken GW-572016 a progressively worse and shown decorticate rigidity. After an intravenous antibiotic for fever of unknown origin was changed, her

condition gradually improved. She was discharged with the help of a cane. Thirty-one months later, she suffered left hemiparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a cystic mass in the right lateral frontal lobe. At surgery, we confirmed pus in the cyst. A PAVF was detected and was treated with coil embolization. The left hemiparesis improved and the postoperative course was uneventful. Exhaustive study is absolutely necessary to detect the etiology of recurrent brain abscess and to achieve a cure.”
“Early clinical results with time-of-flight (TOF) positron emission tomography (PET) systems have demonstrated the advantages of TOF information in PET reconstruction. Reconstruction approaches in TOF-PET systems include list-mode and binned iterative algorithms as well as confidence-weighted analytic methods.


“We investigated a possible association of peroxisome prol


“We investigated a possible association of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1 alpha) Gly482Ser polymorphism with hypertension in Mongolians in Inner Mongolia. A total of 787 subjects were enrolled randomly, including 390 hypertension patients and 397 healthy controls. Triglycerides, cholesterol, and fasting

plasma glucose were measured, and body mass index was calculated. PCR-RFLP was used to analyze Gly482Ser polymorphisms. There were significant differences in triglycerides, fasting plasma glucose, and body mass index between hypertension patients and healthy controls. Cholesterol levels did not differ significantly. The PGC-1a gene GG, GA and AA genotype distributions were 37.2, 48.5 and 14.4%, respectively, in patients and 48.6, 37.3 and 14.1% in healthy controls. The frequencies of PGC-1a genotype GA Anlotinib cost and allele A were significantly different between hypertension patients and healthy Mongolians. We concluded that PGC-1 alpha Gly482Ser polymorphism is associated AZD1480 with hypertension in Mongolians in Inner Mongolia.”
“We report (001)-oriented

FePtAg-C nanogranular films consisting of fine particle size of about 5 nm with a narrow size distribution of 3.3 nm in variance that were grown on a Fe-Ta-C nanocrystalline soft magnetic underlayer (SUL) through MgO/SiO(2) intermediate layers. The degree of L1(0) order, c-axis orientation and resulting magnetic properties of FePtAg-C nanogranular films grown at low temperatures are improved by the post annealing effect without changing the nanogranular microstructure dramatically. Square-shaped perpendicular hysteresis loops with large negative nucleation field of 3.8 kOe, 100% squareness, coercivity of similar to 8 kOe, and high energy barrier of 2.13 eV were obtained for the double-layered medium. Temperature dependent Kerr loops measurement reveals that the coercivity and nucleation field decrease at a rate of 26 Oe/degrees C and 20 Oe/degrees C, respectively. These results suggest that the (001) textured FePtAg-C nanogranular films with perpendicular anisotropy

on SUL may be suitable as a recording medium to realize ultrahigh-density perpendicular recording in the conventional recording system. (C) 2010 American Institute GF120918 of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3487978]“
“An important aspect of the functional annotation of enzymes is not only the type of reaction catalysed by an enzyme, but also the substrate specificity, which can vary widely within the same family. In many cases, prediction of family membership and even substrate specificity is possible from enzyme sequence alone, using a nearest neighbour classification rule. However, the combination of structural information and sequence information can improve the interpretability and accuracy of predictive models.

59 in case of isolated (P = 004)

Conclusions Predom

59 in case of isolated (P = .004).

Conclusions. Predominant causes of revision surgery are osteosynthesis failure, pseudarthrosis, and malposition. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010; 109: 815-819)”
“Phenolic compounds are part of the secondary metabolism of plants and are of great importance for their survival in unfavourable environment.

A class of phenolic compounds easily found in the Plant Kingdom, is anthocyanins, a flavonoid category. They are water-soluble pigments that confer the bright red, blue, and purple colors of fruits and vegetables and promote several health benefits due to their diverse biological activities. Different factors affect the color and stability of these compounds including pH, temperature, light, presence of copigments, self-association, metallic ions, enzymes, oxygen, ascorbic acid, sugar, HKI-272 concentration among others. For this reason many studies BI 2536 in vitro have been conducted with the aim to increase the stability of these substances. Therefore, the present review highlights studies on the stabilization of anthocyanins and presents latent anthocyanin stabilization mechanisms and demonstrates the potentiality

of the main techniques used: association and encapsulation. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Blends of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and chlorinated polyethylene-chlorinating graft-hydroxy ethyl acrylate copolymer (CPE-cg-HEA) were prepared. CPE-cg-HEA, as toughening modifier, is a graft copolymer with a backbone of chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) and branched chains of poly(2-hydroxy ethyl acrylate) (PHEA). Compared with PVC/CPE, CPE-cg-HEA demonstrated better toughening effects on the blends in the tensile strength, elongation at break, and impact strength. Particularly, compared to PVC/CPE blends PVC/CPE-cg-HEA blends with

5 phr CPE-cg-HEA showed an increases in the tensile and notched impact strength by 17.9 and 30% respectively, compared to the PVC/CPE blends. Differential Proteasomal inhibitor scanning calorimetry analysis indicated that the miscibility of PVC/CPE-cg-HEA was better than that of PVC/CPE. An analysis of morphological structure showed that the grafting component of PHEA onto CPE promoted amalgamation between the primary particles of PVC and CPE-cgHEA. Further research suggested that the toughening mechanism of the PVC/CPE-cg-HEA blends was different from that of the PVC/CPE blends. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 121: 86-96, 2011″
“Objective. Radical neck dissection (RND), a standard surgical procedure for lymph node metastasis of head and neck cancer for decades, causes various dysfunctions, such as pain or limited abduction of the shoulder. Various RND modifications have been made to reduce these postoperative dysfunctions, but the effect of preservation of the spinal accessory nerve is still controversial.

Moreover, histologic findings

Moreover, histologic findings Fosbretabulin cost suggest that the major portion of nodules arising within PWS can be categorized

into AVM, PG, and AVH associated with PG.”
“Background: In trauma patients, open reduction and internal fixation of rib fractures remain controversial. We hypothesized that patients who have open reduction and internal fixation of rib fractures would experience less pain compared with controls and thus require fewer opiates. Further, we hypothesized that improved pain control would result in fewer pulmonary complications and decreased length of stay.

Methods: This is a retrospective bi-institutional matched case-control study. Cases were matched 1: 2 by age, injury severity Score, chest abbreviated injury severity score, head abbreviated injury severity score, pulmonary contusion score, and number of fractured ribs. The daily total doses of FDA approved Drug Library ic50 analgesic drugs were converted to equianalgesic intravenous morphine doses, and the primary outcome was inpatient narcotic administration.

Results: Sixteen patients between July 2005 and June 2009 underwent rib fixation in 5 +/- 3 days after injury using an average of 3 (1-5) metallic plates. Morphine requirements decreased from 110 mg +/- 98 mg preoperatively to 63 +/- 57 mg postoperatively (p =

0.01). There were no significant differences between cases and controls in the mean morphine dose (79 +/- 63 vs. 76 +/- 55 mg, p = 0.65), hospital stay (18 +/- 12 vs. 16 +/- 11 days, p = 0.67), intensive care unit stay (9 +/- 8 vs. 7 +/- 10 days, p = 0.75), ventilation days (7 +/- 8 vs. 6 +/- 10, p = 0.44), and pneumonia rates (31% vs. 38%, p = 0.76).

Conclusion: The need for analgesia was significantly reduced after rib fixation in patients with multiple rib fractures. However, no difference in outcomes was observed when these patients were selleck compound compared with matched controls in this

pilot study. Further study is required to investigate these preliminary findings.”
“Background and Purpose: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is regarded as the gold standard for the treatment of patients with renal stones larger than 2 cm in diameter. Creating a percutaneous renal access is the initial and probably the most important step in performing a PCNL. Two primary methods of obtaining proper percutaneous renal access under fluoroscopic guidance are described: The “”triangulation” and the “”eye of the needle” techniques. In this article, we compare these two techniques in terms of success and complication rates.

Patients and Methods: From October 2010 to May 2011, 80 patients with simple renal stones were prospectively randomized into two groups according to the percutaneous renal access technique used for PCNL. Patients in group 1 (n = 40) were assigned to the eye of the needle technique, and patients in group 2 (n = 40) were assigned to the triangulation method. Patients needing multiple access points were excluded from the study.

49; 95% CI, -0 86 to -0 11; versus inpatients SMD = -0 20; 95% CI

49; 95% CI, -0.86 to -0.11; versus inpatients SMD = -0.20; 95% CI, -0.43 to 0.03). Adverse effects included tachycardia and tremors.

Authors’ Conclusions: Bronchodilators do not improve oxygen

saturation, do not reduce hospital admission after outpatient treatment, do not shorten the duration of hospitalization, and do not reduce the time to resolution of illness at home. The small improvements in clinical scores for outpatients must be weighed against the costs YAP-TEAD Inhibitor 1 mouse and adverse effects of bronchodilators.”
“Purpose: Fall-related fracture is one of the most disabling features of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD). A better understanding of the associated factors click here is needed to predict PD patients who will require treatment.

Methods: This prospective study enrolled 100 adult idiopathic PD patients. Stepwise logistic regressions were used to evaluate the relationships between clinical factors and

fall-related fracture.

Results: Falls occurred in 56 PD patients, including 32 with fall-related fractures. The rate of falls in the study period was 2.2 +/- 1.4 per 18 months. The percentage of osteoporosis was 34% (19/56) and 11% in PD patients with and without falls, respectively. Risk factors associated with fall-related fracture were sex, underlying knee osteoarthritis, mean Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale score, mean Morse fall scale,

mean Hoehn and Yahr stage, and exercise habit. By stepwise logistic regression, sex and mean Morse fall scale were independently associated with fall-related fracture. Females had an odds ratio of 3.8 compared to males and the cut-off value of the Morse fall scale for predicting fall-related fracture was 72.5 (sensitivity 72% and specificity 70%).

Discussion: Higher mean Morse fall scales (>72.5) and female sex are associated with higher risk of fallrelated fractures. Preventing falls in the high-risk PD group is an important safety issue and highly relevant for their quality of life. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“A 41-year-old woman, who had no thrombotic risk factors and past history except congenital S3I-201 research buy scoliosis, underwent central venous catheterization (CVC) before correction of the scoliosis. When internal jugular vein (IJV) catheterization using the anatomical landmark technique failed, CVC under ultrasound guidance was tried. As a consequence, thrombosis and hypoplasia of the right IJV were incidentally detected by ultrasonography. Central venous catheters were then successfully placed in other veins under ultrasound guidance. Also, after examinations to rule out the possibility of pulmonary embolism and to clarify the causes of the IJV thrombosis, the patient was found to have protein S deficiency.

The first line of treatment is high-dose intravenous immunoglobul

The first line of treatment is high-dose intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg). Subcutaneous immunoglobulins (SCIg)already approved for the treatment of primary immune Selleck AZD1480 deficiency have recently been proposed also for the treatment of disimmune peripheral neuropathies such as MMN, and a few trials were performed to see if patients receiving immunomodulatory doses of IVIg could be treated equally well with SCIg. We describe

a patient affected by MMN who was included in a protocol of treatment with SCIg for a period of 6 months. He successfully responded to treatment with a stabilization of strength. The patient is still treated with SCIg even after the end of the protocol. This is the first description of an Italian case of a patient affected by MMN successfully treated with SCIg.”
“Down syndrome (DS) is the most 10058-F4 mw frequent chromosome abnormality among live births. Its prevalence increases with maternal age, and can be diagnosed by antenatal screening. We examined prevalence variations of DS in Denizli, Turkey, through a retrospective study. Sixteen years of survey data were retrieved from the

two main state hospital registries from records between 1994 and 2010. We identified 113 DS live births in Denizli for 16 years. The prevalence of DS was 9.07 per 10,000 live births before the year 2000 and 9.90 after 2000. The prevalence did not change significantly. The population in Turkey is still young; the fertility rate is high in women under 35 years old and prenatal screening programs are extensively applied; for these reasons, the prevalence of DS has remained stable during these 16 years.”
“Nerve growth factor (NGF) has been proved with the potential of promoting neurogenesis in adult mammalians. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of intranasal (IN) NGF on striatal neurogenesis and functional recovery in adult rats with focal cerebral ischemia. Rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 2 h, and then reperfused. NGF

URMC-099 research buy or vehicle was intranasally administered 24 h after cerebral reperfusion, and the treatments continued for 6 consecutive days there after. All animals were injected with 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) twice daily for 5–7 days after MCAO, and sacrificed 1 day and 28 days, respectively, after the last BrdU injection. Neural cell proliferation and survival in different brain regions were analyzed. Functional tests and immunohistochemical staining were also performed. The results showed that treatment with IN NGF failed to increase cell proliferation but improved survival of newly generated cells in ipsilateral striatum and subventricular zones (SVZ). Double immunofluorescence with BrdU and neuronal nuclei protein, a mature neuronal marker, were increased in striatum and SVZ in rats treated with IN NGF. The functional recovery was also observed at time of neurogenesis enhancement in striate.

The propagation vectors associated with Mn3+ and Mn4+ sublattices

The propagation vectors associated with Mn3+ and Mn4+ sublattices are (0 0 1/2) and (1/2 0 1/2), respectively. The maximum refined magnetic moments of Mn3+ and Mn4+ ions in x = 0.20 sample are found to be 3.20 mu(B) and 3.00 mu(B), respectively. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3656714]“
“This

study was designed to generate information on the click here microbiological quality of the clam, Galatea paradoxa harvested from the Volta estuary in Ghana. Total Viable Counts (TVC) for heterotrophic bacteria, Total coliforms (TC) and Faecal Coliforms (FC) as indicators of faecal contamination, were evaluated in the rainy season (June-August) and in the dry season (January-February). G. paradoxa from the estuary were found to be highly contaminated with the above mentioned micro-flora. There was a significant seasonal variation (p < 0.03) in the levels of total

heterotrophic bacteria (TVC), total coliforms (TC) and faecal coliforms (FC). Total viable counts of heterotrophic bacteria in clams in the rainy season (June-August) was significantly lower (p < 0.03); (June, 1.0 x 10(7) cfu/g) than for the dry season (February, 7.0 x 10(10) cfu/g). Total coliforms (TC) and FC portrayed a similar trend, being significantly higher (p < 0.01) in the dry season EPZ5676 inhibitor (1.0 x 10(11)) than the rainy season (2.4 x 104 and 1.3 x 104/g). Considering the importance of the clam fishery as an affordable protein source and a source of livelihood to the riparian communities along the Volta estuary, it is recommended that monitoring

and regulatory controls of the fishery and growing waters be enforced whilst public education on the importance of depuration as a means of decontaminating the clams be pursued vigorously.”
“P-glycoprotein may play a role in drug resistance in epilepsy by limiting gastrointestinal absorption and brain access of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). We sought to investigate the effects of ABCB1 polymorphisms on plasma carbamazepine (CBZ) concentrations and pharmacoresistance in Chinese patients with epilepsy. C1236T, G2677T/A, and C3435T polymorphisms of ABCB1 were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction amplification followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis or direct automated DNA sequencing CH5424802 inhibitor in 84 patients treated with CBZ monotherapy. Patients with 3435-TT (n = 15) had lower adjusted CBZ concentrations than those with 3435-CC (n = 30) (P = 0.026). However there were no associations between all the studied genotypes, haplotypes, or diplotypes involving ABCB1 C1236T, G2677T/A, and C3435T polymorphisms and pharmacoresistance in the patient cohort. Our results suggest that ABCB1 3435-TT is associated with decreased plasma CBZ levels in Chinese patients with epilepsy. However, whether this contributes to CBZ resistance needs to be further investigated in a larger cohort of patients. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

vaginalis according to the age of patients (< 30 years old, be

vaginalis according to the age of patients (< 30 years old, between 30 and 50 years old, more than 50 years old). As controls, HPV detection was also performed in 450 normal smears.

T. vaginalis was found in 80 cases (0.2%). From these 80 cases,

57 were available for HPV testing (8 patients < 30 years old, 42 ABT-263 in vivo patients between 30 and 50 years old and 7 patients more than 50 years old). As controls, high-risk HPV was tested in 150 patients with normal cytology for each of these three age categories. High-risk HPV was significantly more frequently detected in women with T. vaginalis than in women with normal smear irrespective of the categories of age (P < 0.01).

For the first time, we demonstrated a significant prevalence of high-risk HPV in women with cytological proved T. vaginalis infection independent of the age ranges. Our data suggest a potential association between these two infectious agents by the way of a sexual intercourse and probably by a biochemical or immunological reasons.”
“In this study, phenolic compounds

were extracted and isolated from pomegranate seed residue (PSR). Phytochemicals and antioxidant capacity of extracts from PSR were firstly investigated. Total phenolic (TP) and proanthocyanidin (PC) contents of the extracts were determined as 2427.90 and 505.63 mg catechin equivalent of 100 g dry weight respectively. To evaluate the antioxidant capacity of individual E1 Activating inhibitor compounds, on line assay of coupling high

STI571 solubility dmso performance liquid chromatographic separation with ABTS free radical reaction system (HPLC-ABTS(+)) was carried out. 17 compounds in PSR extracts were detected with antioxidant capacity, and HPLC associated with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS) was used to identify them. The main phenolics in PSR identified were flavol-3-ols, phenolic acids, flavonoid glycosides, and hydrolysable tannin. The results showed that PSR contained some amount of antioxidant compounds, and the HPLC-ABTS(+) on line method was fast, sensitive and effective. Crown Copyright (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Objectives: To perform the first validation study of the finasteride-adjusted Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial Prostate Cancer Risk Calculator (finPCPTRC) in a contemporary referral population in Mexico. Methods: 837 patients referred to the Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Mexico City, Mexico, between 2005 and 2009 were used to validate the finPCPTRC by examining various measures of discrimination and calibration. Net benefit curve analysis was used to gain insight into the use of the finPCPTRC for clinical decisions. Results: Prostate cancer (PCa) incidence (72.8%) was high in this Mexican referral cohort and 45.7% of men who were diagnosed with PCa had high-grade lesions (HGPCa, Gleason score >6). 1.3% of the patients were taking finasteride.

Results obtained by XTT-metabolic assay were confirmed by scannin

Results obtained by XTT-metabolic assay were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The interactions between chloroquine and four

antifungal drugs were determined by calculating fractional inhibitory concentration indices. Azole resistance in biofilms was reverted significantly (p < 0.05) in presence of 250 mu g/mL of chloroquine, which resulted in inhibition of biofilms at very low concentrations of antifungal drugs. No significant alteration in the sensitivity of biofilms to caspofungin and amphotericin B was evident in combination with chloroquine. This study for the first time indicates that chloroquine potentiates anti-biofilm activity of fluconazole and voriconazole. (c) 2013 Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.”
“The electrochemical behaviors of eugenol [1-hydroxy-2-methoxyl-4-allylbenzene] on the gold and platinum electrodes were investigated in a Britton-Robinson buffer (pH 1.60-10.44), acetate buffer, phosphate buffer this website solutions (pH 2.11 and 3.67) and methanol or acetonitrile containing various supporting electrolytes. The detection cell consisted of a gold wire electrochemical signal obtained with a supporting electrolyte containing 60 % methanol-1.0 mM of

potassium dihydrogen phosphate (pH 2.40) as the mobile phase. The limit of quantification of the method was found to be 0.02 ng for eugenol. When eugenol was determined in commercial essential drug discovery oils and pharmaceutical products with the method proposed

the results obtained were comparable with those obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection.”
“Epitaxial ZnO:Co films with room-temperature ferromagnetism have been hydrothermally grown in water at 90 degrees C using a ZnO seed layer on MgAl2O4 (111) substrates. The ZnO:Co films are single crystalline with out-of-plane orientations of ZnO: Co < 001 >parallel to MgAl2O4 < 111 > and in-plane orientations of ZnO: Co[110]parallel to MgAl2O4[(1) over bar(1) over bar2] and ZnO:Co[(1) over bar 10]parallel to MgAl2O4[(1) over bar see more 10] in spite of numerous threading dislocations at the boundaries of crystal mosaic. Saturation magnetizations of 0.83, 0.77, and 0.08 emu/cm(3) and coercivities of 40, 22, and 22 Oe were obtained for the epitaxial Zn1-xCoxO (x= 0.02, 0.05, and 0.10) films, respectively, at room temperature. Hydrogen unintentionally incorporated in the hydrothermal synthesis may contribute to the ferromagnetic properties in ZnO:Co by enhancing carrier concentration as a shallow donor. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3058611]“
“Children with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis are frequently treated with parenteral antibiotics, but only a few have bacterial meningitis. Although some clinical prediction rules, such as bacterial meningitis score, are of well-known value, the cerebrospinal fluid white blood cells count can be the initial available information.